You’re probably already familiar with Artificial Intelligence (AI). Nowadays, there are tons of applications using “AI technology,” and many brands are creating their own “Artificial Intelligence.”
To stay updated, it’s important for you to understand what Artificial Intelligence is and the different types of AI. Check out the article below!
What is Artificial Intelligence?
As the name suggests, Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to technology that imitates human intelligence using computers.
Generally, AI works by collecting large amounts of data (big data), analyzing that data to find correlations and patterns, and then using these patterns to make predictions about the future.
For example, an AI chatbot will learn from millions of text conversation examples with humans. Or an Image Recognition Tool that learns from millions of images and their descriptions.
Types of Artificial Intelligence Based on Its Abilities
Artificial Intelligence is still evolving, so the theoretical understanding and real-world application of AI are constantly updated. But, in general, we can view Artificial Intelligence from two aspects: its abilities or its functions.
Artificial Narrow Intelligence
Another term for Artificial Narrow Intelligence is Weak AI or Narrow AI. This is the type of AI that exists and is used today. Other forms of AI are still just theoretical and have not been fully developed yet.
Narrow AI can be trained to perform specific tasks, but often it is faster than the human brain.
Currently, Narrow AI can only perform tasks within the specific instructions given. Instead, this type of AI targets a particular cognitive ability and develops within that scope.
Do you know Siri, Alexa, and ChatGPT?
These products are also examples of Narrow AI.
General AI
General AI is considered “Strong AI,” and it definitely has broader capabilities compared to Narrow AI. However, this type of AI is still just a theoretical concept.
General AI, or Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), is supposed to be able to use learning (from past experiences) to perform new tasks in different contexts without human training.
So, AGI would be able to perform tasks that humans can create.
Super AI
This type of Artificial Intelligence is also called “superintelligence.” As its cool name suggests, Super AI possesses equally cool abilities.
Super AI can think, reason, learn, make decisions, and even have intellectual capabilities surpassing humans. Can you imagine how smart Super AI would be?
Super AI will evolve to the point where it can develop its own needs, beliefs, and even desires.
Types of AI Based on Its Functions
Narrow AI, General AI, and Super AI can also be differentiated based on their functions. To simplify, you can refer to the chart below.
Narrow AI itself is divided into two categories: Reactive Machine AI and Limited Memory AI. Meanwhile, Theory of Mind AI falls under General AI, and Self-Aware AI is part of Super AI.
Reactive Machine AI
This type of AI system is created without memory and is designed to perform very specific tasks.
Since they cannot remember the outcomes or decisions from previous activities, they can only work with the data currently presented.
Reactive Machine AI is a branch of statistical mathematics and can analyze huge amounts of data and provide intelligent analysis results.
FUN FACT!
Reactive Machine AI once defeated Grandmaster Garry Kasparov in the 1990s in a game of chess.
This AI analyzed the chess pieces on the board to predict the potential outcomes of each move.
Limited Memory AI
As the name suggests, this type of AI can remember past work and monitor objects or situations over time.
Limited Memory AI can use past and present data to make expected decisions. Unfortunately, this AI cannot store past data for long-term periods.
FUN FACT!
Limited Memory AI is used by self-driving cars to study their surroundings in real time.
After doing so, they will make decisions about when to accelerate, brake, turn around, and much more!
Theory of Mind AI
Theory of Mind AI belongs to the General AI category. Although it hasn’t been realized yet, “Theory of Mind” AI is supposed to understand the thoughts and emotions of other entities and interact based on that understanding.
This is the level where AI can simulate relationships, like humans do with each other.
Because Theory of Mind AI understands the reasoning and motives behind human desires, it is expected to interact with humans in a more personalized way.
Self-Aware AI
Self-aware AI falls into the capabilities of Super AI. Like Theory of Mind AI, Self-Aware AI is still just a theoretical concept.
But, if Self-Aware AI ever comes to fruition, it will be able to understand its own internal state and, like humans, have its own emotional needs.
AI Applications in Daily Life
Now that you’ve read about the different types of AI, it’s time to learn about the real-world applications of AI technology.
Computer Vision
Through computer vision, Narrow AI can be trained to interpret and analyze the visuals around us. The goal is for computers to be able to identify and categorize objects within images or videos.
You’ve probably experienced computer vision technology yourself. For example, facial recognition used as the password for your phone.
Computer vision is crucial for helping AI machines interact with their environment. This technology is also used by self-driving cars to “see” and navigate the road without a driver.
Robotics
Although it’s not as advanced as the Transformers movies, robot technology has developed significantly. With the help of Narrow AI, robots can now perform repetitive tasks.
In healthcare, robots using AI technology can assist doctors by monitoring vital organs and detecting potential dangers during surgeries.
Not stopping there, agricultural machines are now able to plow the fields, plant seeds, and water plants automatically using Narrow AI.
Expert Systems
Expert systems aim to replicate human decision-making processes to solve complex problems.
These systems can evaluate large amounts of data to find patterns and trends. Not only that, but these systems can also predict the future and understand why certain events occurred in the past.
AI at UBM
Did you know that Universitas Bunda Mulia has launched the first Artificial Intelligence Education Consultant in Indonesia, named Biem? This AI helps prospective students obtain information about courses and campus needs, all personalized for each user.
That’s not all—UBM is also launching an Artificial Intelligence study program for the academic year 2025! The AI program at UBM focuses on mastering the technologies and methods used to create systems capable of mimicking human thinking to solve industry problems. This is achieved through applying AI algorithms and models such as Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Computer Vision.
For more information about studying at Universitas Bunda Mulia, visit:
KAMPUS ANCOL
Jalan Lodan Raya No.2, Jakarta Utara 14430
Tel: 021 690 9090
KAMPUS SERPONG
Jalan Jalur Sutera Barat Kav. 7-9, Alam Sutera, Tangerang, Banten 15143
Tel: 021 8082 1428
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